Dental Crowns: Types & Uses

Dental crown is a tooth shaped cap placed over to cover the tooth for restoring its size, shape, strength and to improve its appearance.

Types of crowns
Various materials are used to make dental crowns where stainless steel, all resin, all ceramic and other metals can be used for making permanent crowns.

Metals: various metals that are used in making dental crowns include base metal alloy, gold alloy, other alloys like palladium. Compared to other crown types metal crowns needs less tooth structure to be removed and tooth wearing is kept to minimum.  They can withstand the pressure due to chewing and biting and hence lasts longer. Metal crowns makes a good choice for out of sight molars.

Porcelain fused to metal: Unlike the metal crowns porcelain made crowns can be color matched with adjacent teeth. However more wearing to opposite teeth occurs with this crown type. Next to that of all-ceramic crowns, porcelain fused metal crowns look more like normal teeth. They make a good choice for back and front teeth.

Stainless steel: These are prefabricated crowns used on permanent teeth as a temporary primary measure. Crown covers the entire tooth and protects it from further decay. Stainless steel crowns are mostly used for childrens teeth because they don't require numerous dental visits and hence are most cost effective than that of custom made crowns.

All ceramic or all porcelain: This type of crowns provide better natural color match than other crown type and is recommended to people with metal allergies. All ceramic crowns make a good option for front teeth.

All resin: these are less expensive than other crown types and are more prone to wear down in the long run than the porcelain fused type crowns.

Why dental crown is needed?
Dental crown may be needed in following situations:

• To cover and support a tooth with large filling when there isn't a more of the tooth left.
• For holding the cracked tooth together or protecting a weak tooth from breaking.
• Helps in restoring tooth that has worn down or already broken.
• To cover a severely discolored teeth.
• For holding the dental bridge in place.
• In making a cosmetic modification.
• Used for covering any cosmetic modification.

For children, dental crown may be used on primary teeth to:

• Protect the teeth from risk of tooth decay, especially when the child has difficulty in keeping with daily oral hygiene.
• Save the tooth that has been damaged by decay and couldn't support a filling.

Decorate Your Garden Landscape

To make your garden beautiful, you need to decorate your garden landscape with some ornamental pieces. So, if you need help regarding what things to place in your garden landscape read this article. Here, we have provided some of the ornamental features that you can add to your garden landscape.

Fountain
Fountain is the center piece to your garden. It is the view point which attracts your home visitors. Fountains come in variety of shapes, colors and sizes. Having a fountain in your classy garden adds color to your garden landscape. Based on the look of the garden choose the fountain.

Small pond or waterfalls
Having a small pond or waterfall enhances the look of your garden. If you have a large space in your garden construct a small waterfall with colorful stones and water plants. Lighten up them during nights. Waterfall gives natural look to your garden landscape.

Hanging containers
Place some hanging containers with colorful baskets or pots on your garden walls. Creepers can also give a ornamental look to your garden walls and also to the complete landscape of your garden.

Benches and umbrellas
Garden benches add finishing touch to your garden. Benches along with umbrellas also add more beauty to your stylish or classic garden landscape. They give you space and shade for spending time in natural environment.

Miniatures with fairies
Miniatures with fairies is a good option to decorate your garden landscape. To make them eye catching, place them as the center pieces or near the walkways. Add more color to your miniature pots with different plants and fairies.

Garden sculptures
Choose some garden sculptures or garden decors and place them along with the natural ornaments in your garden.

Bird nests or houses
Bird nests give more natural appearance to your garden. Hang or suspend them on small trees to make them eye catching.

Garden lighting
You can add colorful lightnings in your garden landscape. Lighting enhances the color of your garden. You can use lighting in garden pathways, sideways or in pool. Choose the lighting materials of various colors and place them wherever necessary.

Choosing the Right Car Seat for Your Child

Unlike an adult in a car, a child in a car is very sensitive to jerks and bumps. These jerks and bumps can be harmful for your kid in unprecedented ways. The federal laws also makes it mandatory to keep the children restrained like the adults. The conventional safety systems installed in a car are designed completely for adults. The seat belts are way above the shoulders of the kids hence they can not restrain a kid successfully. Therefore you child can lose his balance in case of impacts and end up injuring himself. Child seats are designed specifically to meet the safety requirements for children for whom normal safety systems of car are not effective.

Things to remember

• Out of the many seats that are available in the market. One should focus on the seats that are in accordance with the federal safeguards.

• Children must never be seated in front rows. Likewise the child seats should never be installed in the front row of the car. They should also be not installed anywhere near the windows or near the places from where the air bags operate. Though air bags are safe for children, they are injurious to kids.

• One should avoid using used car seats. Though they may appear good and well but they may have structural deformities from inside. They are not reliable enough. Hence one should not go for cheap used car seats. An extra investment can prove to be life worthy in unexpected times.

• The parents must always test the seat before making a purchase as illustrations of the seat may vary from the original seat.

• After making the purchase, the parents should get it installed at a perfect spot in their car which offers maximum protection to the child. The installation and the car seat must comply with the safeguards provided by the federal authorities.

Choosing the right car seat
While choosing a car seat for the kid, focus and emphasis should be laid on the suitability of the car seat for your kid. Various factor that should be considered is the car size, the age, weight and height of the kid. Seat belts come in different varieties depending upon its nature. Choice for a seat belt should be governed by height and weight of the child rather than age of the child. Similarly the seats should be changed only if the child outgrows the car seat or if his weight exceeds the seat capabilities. As long as possible seats should be installed in the rear row in the center.

Different types of car seats available in the market

• Rear facing seats : These seats are basically designed for infants and newborns. Though they can be used till 2 years of age if the height and weight constraints comply with the seats. These seats are faced in opposite direction to the motion of car. It is advisable to install these seats at a position from where he can be seen. They are useful for children up to 22-35 pounds of weight. Alternately, they can be used as infant carriers.

• Forward facing seats : Forward facing seats are arranged in the direction as every seat in the car is. They are suitable for children having at least 40 pounds of weight. They can be used alternatively if the child overgrows for a rear facing seat.

• Booster car seats : Booster seats are for grown kids suitably in the age group of around 8yrs. They can be used to restrain a child until they become 4'9'' tall and it can bear a weight of 100-120 pounds.

• Convertible car seats : They can be converted from rear facing to front facing and vice-verse. Though they are not considered good for a new born baby as the bottom harness slots are way above the shoulders.

Though the car seat vendor companies give different criteria for the selection of seat size. They can be pursued till they turn out to be in bad condition or till it complies with the height and weight of the child.

American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that children must be seated in a rear facing seat until 2 years of age or they overgrow for the seat in terms of height and weight. A rear facing seat offer better protection by supporting neck, spine and head of infants as it distributes the force over entire body. Similarly a forward facing seat with a harness if deemed more safe for larger children than a booster seat.

Reasons for Learning a New Language

Many people have different reasons for learning a new language. Some people learn for their career prospects, some for college education, some for travel purpose, some learn for personal enjoyment and some to know the arts and culture. There are many benefits that learning another language can bring. Here are few reasons why you should learn a new language.

• If you are relocating: If you are relocating to another country due to some reasons then it is necessary for you to learn their language in order to understand their customs, traditions and also their language. So, people mostly learn the language of that country so that it will help them communicate better.
• It opens door for international market: If you build contacts with people of other countries for some business purpose or else for any other purpose then you should know their language to make contacts with them. This reduces your fear when you speak to them.
• To improve employment opportunities: For people who are working in a foreign country it is a must to learn the local language of that particular country because this makes communication more easy with their clients and also with their management. You can convey your message easily and also effectively.
• To make travel more enjoyable: If you are a traveler traveling to many different countries or states then learning new languages will help you in communication with people in that region without ant difficulty. You will not have any fear to talk to people.
• People studying abroad: People who are studying abroad should know the local language because some subjects might be in that language. If you don't know then it will make it difficult for you to know the subject. So, if you are planning to go abroad for further studies it is better to learn their language.

These are a few reasons for which you should learn a new language. So, try to learn as many as languages you can to build your confidence.

Ideas for Creating Modern Vintage Wall Art

In a house or room, blank walls seems to be daunting especially if there are no art pieces on it. There are various wall art options that will help you in creating elegant and cozy look in your house without going over budget. Creating a vintage look in a modern style is a better idea for decorating your home. This article will give you some ideas for creating modern vintage wall art.

Ideas for creating modern vintage wall art

Following are some ideas for creating modern vintage look:
1) Vintage poster

• Vintage posters are a good option for adding elegance to your room. There are various prints and styles available to in the market. They are also available online at websites like International Poster Gallery, All Posters and many more. Following tips will help you in choosing vintage posters:
• For getting vintage look for less, choose reproductive prints rather than going for authentic vintage posters.
• When purchasing posters, see to it that it should be interesting and eye catching rather than looking cluttered.
• Proportion is always very important when choosing wall art. For the place that is small, look for the prints which can size appropriately. For large space, look for the prints that can easily match with the large scale of the room.
• Creating continuity in the house by choosing prints with similar color themes and schemes.

2) Vintage fabrics
Creating simpler and affordable wall art by using vintage fabrics is also one of the options for making modern vintage wall art. This idea can be more suitable for living rooms and bedrooms. When choosing vintage fabrics look for the one that will go with the room's color schemes. You can also choose geometric patterns and floral designs for a modern vintage look.

3) Antique pieces
Antique stores are best to find out unique antique and collectibles for decorating your house that creates modern vintage look. If you shop for antiques wisely, it can be affordable too. When decorating with antiques and collectibles, it is a better idea for grouping and displaying them as this will maximize their impact.
Another way of creating modern vintage wall art can be re-purposing the antique dishware set as an artwork for the wall- hanging clutter of desert or dinner plates can create a beautiful vintage wall art.

With these ideas, you will be able to turn blank and empty walls in to a modern vintage and stylish focal point.

Things to Know About Air Conditioner

Air Conditioner keeps the room temperature cold, thereby making you feel fresh and active. It has the capacity to control high temperature. It also removes dust, germs and micro organisms from the air.

Types of Air Conditioners
There are various types of air conditioners available, choosing one depends on the size of the area that needs to be cooled.

• Window AC: It is a single unit and is mostly used in small and single rooms. It is easy to install and maintain. Compressor, condenser, cooling coil, expansion coil are enclosed in one unit.

• Split AC: Split AC has two units, external and internal. The internal unit is installed inside the room and the external unit is installed outside the house. The internal unit takes in the warm air and throws out cold air. The external unit throws away the warm air.

• Central AC: Central AC is appropriate for large areas, it has the capacity to cool big houses, hotels, offices, movie theaters, etc. It is very silent and comfortable.

• Tower AC: Tower AC is free floor standing unit, consisting of two units - internal and external. Internal unit is free standing and no installation is required, whereas external unit has a compressor that connects to the internal unit. This AC is ideal for commercial purpose.

Working of Air Conditioners
The AC removes warm air from the room or house and throws cold air. The warm air is cooled by cold pipes known as evaporator coil. A liquid known as refrigerant is filled in these pipes. Refrigerant converts liquid in to gas when taking in the warm air and thereby absorbing heat from the air. The refrigerant is moved into another coil that is located outside the house where it converts into liquid by releasing heat. The compressor helps in moving the refrigerant between the coils by changing pressure and making the refrigerant evaporate into gas. The motor uses the energy to run the compressor.

Maintenance of the Air Conditioners 
Air conditioners should be maintained on regular basis for effective functioning. Following are the parts that should be maintained :

• AC filters: Some filters should be replaced, whereas some can be reused. Clean the AC filters once in two months and if the AC's are used regularly, filters should be maintained more frequently.

• AC coils: A clean filter keeps the coil free from becoming dirty. But still it collects dirt, due to which the airflow is reduced and the ability to absorb heat decreases. Check the coils frequently and clean whenever required.

• Coil fins: Coil fins are located on the evaporator and the condenser coil. By replacing these fins by a tool called fin comb the fins will be back into original condition.

• Condensate drains: If the drain channels are blocked, humidity reducing capacity of the unit decreases, which results in excess moisture. So clean the drains by passing wire that are stiff to check whether the drain channels are blocked or not.

LinkedIn Tips for Auto Dealerships

If you like many business and professional people, your first attempt into social media marketing may have been LinkedIn. For people in professional occupations, in 2003 LinkedIn launched a social networking website. As per June 2013 estimates, the company reports having more than 259 million registered users in more than 200 territories and countries. On company profile pages, in 2010 November, LinkedIn allowed the business to list their products and services. Now we will see how to use LinkedIn effectively for you auto dealership business.

• Groups: Join in the LinkedIn groups where your most customers are hang out. Check regularly for what discussions you can contribute with the groups. Within the group, make yourself known to all. Search for more groups to find most relevant to you.

• Contacts: Import the contacts from your email of your clients. It will help you find customers who are already in the contacts list. If they are already in LinkedIn, it will show those people to connect. As per the details filled in your dealership firm, LinkedIn will automatically show you some suggestions to connect with them. Search for the people those who are connected with your customers and you feel those will be the potential customers, send the request to connect with them.

• Targeted content: 90% percent of auto buyers research through the internet before they come to a decision on purchasing a car. So you need to have a potential and targeted content to engage the customers properly. As per a recent research, before visiting the auto showroom, 67% of potential buyers visit the dealership's website to get to know about dealership. Post content updates of your on your dealership's LinkedIn page. It drives traffic to your blog, website and showroom.

• Answer questions: The answers to the questions in LinkedIn help you  as it shows your expertise, establish yourself as a thought leader. Therefore, answer for the questions those are from other users on specific topics those which are related to your products, original equipment manufacturer, or services. Drive those customers with educational content posts in your blog.

• Promotion of deals: Ability to contact with potential customers is one of the most valuable skills to have. It involves knowing by the fleet sales departments to use with LinkedIn. LinkedIn allows your dealership's sales personnel to find and connect with the decision makers, and people who are influential within a business those who are trying to sell to.

Under your company, overviews page in the LinkedIn add your most popular products and services. There is also a product and service tab in the page you can add them there. You also receive the recommendations from your peers.

Vitamins Good for Brain Development in Children

The human brain starts growing at the fetus stage. Human fetus grows rapidly from 6th week and from this stage essential vitamins are required for the healthy development of the body as well as the brain. This is because babies born to mothers who do not follow proper and healthy diet will face problems related to mentally retarded or other behavioral problems.

This is not the only factor, but this may be one of the main factors for the children having behavioral problems or mental problems.

It is necessary to follow healthy diet as the requirement of vitamins will be more in pregnancy time and for the growing children. Brain doesn't work properly if it doesn't receive the sufficient amount of healthy diet. Let us see which are the vitamins helpful for the brain development in children from the early stage.

Vitamin B9: Vitamin B9 plays an important role in the development of the brain and spine in the fetus. So the mother should take sufficient amount of B9 to overcome the problems related to brain and spine. It is crucial for the function of the brain. It helps cells and tissues to grow rapidly, it helps to form red blood cells. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to dangerous birth defects like brain damage, damage to spine and neural tube effects.

Vitamin B6: Vitamin B6 helps develop brain's neurotransmitter functioning properly, it helps develop concentration, alertness, attention and focus which helps the child to listen and learn the subjects. Lack of vitamin B6 causes neural damage.

Vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 also plays an important role in functioning of the brain properly. It helps to improve the memory, helps for proper mental functioning of the brain. Lack of vitamin B12 leads to memory loss and makes slow working of the brain.

Vitamin C: Vitamin C helps develop neural resistance, it helps the immune system which helps for the body and the brain to remain healthy, vitamin C acts as an antioxidant, which helps to protect the brain and body from the harmful effects of free radicals. Free radicals can damage the cells in body and the brain. Vitamin C helps to develop neurotransmitter functioning properly.

Vitamin D: Vitamin D also helps brain development, it improves the memory, it enhances the learning capabilities, it is also important in pregnancy time for the mother so that the fetus can gain vitamin D from the mother, it improves the brain nerve cells development, helps for the normal brain development. Lack of vitamin D leads to abnormal brain development.

Vitamin E: Vitamin E also acts as an antioxidant. It helps the cells preventing from damage caused by free radicals. They can maintain red blood cells active and healthy which carries oxygen to the brain. And thus improves memory and helps the brain to function properly.

Tips To Stay Healthy

Worried about your health? Searching for some simple tips to stay healthy? Fed up with suggestions from doctors and health experts? Feeling difficult to implement experts advice? Just relax, in this article, we will discuss some simple tips that will help you stay healthy.

Physical exercise is important: Some simple exercises like walking, jogging, stretching your arms, warm up exercises, walking on stairs rather than using lift, neck exercises, going by bus to office and other places instead of bike ride, can help you stay healthy. Some mindful exercises like yoga especially pranayama and meditation will relieve mental stress and make you stay mentally healthy.

Maintain a diet chart: Prepare a diet chart that includes vitamins, proteins and carbohydrates in it. Plan for the timings for breakfast, lunch and dinner. By maintaining a diet you will be eating a well-balanced diet and choosing nutritious food.

Have regular master check up: We think that we are healthy, so we need not go for health check up. We may look healthy externally, but internally we may have some problems that cannot be detected. It's better to go for master check up for every 3 months or 6 months.

Proper medication: Even though we take proper care, some health conditions may arouse which are out of your control like diabetes, thyroid problem, high cholesterol, heart attacks, etc. So regular medicine has to be taken, at the same time follow some control steps which can reduce their effect.

Have a trip with family: Busy lifestyle has decreased priority to personal life leading to many personal issues. So plan a trip at least once in 3 months or a weekend picnic with family and friends. Traveling will change your mindset and relieves you from stress.

Avoid things not good for health: Try to inculcate good habits and avoid bad habits. Smoking and drug addiction are the two serious issues faced specially by western countries. They have adverse effects on both physical and mental health. So try to reduce their usage slowly. Other habits like skipping breakfast, going late to bed, etc., should be avoided.

Manage your stress: This is very important for mental wellness. Work on things you like, have pleasant living, avoid communication with people who always create conflicts.

Involve in activities you like most: Activities such as sports, dancing, kick boxing, social welfare activities, or anything that you enjoy the most and feel refreshed should be part of your daily schedule.

Reading books: If you don’t want to involve in other activities, try to inculcate a habit of reading books. They can be magazines, comic books, informative books, etc. Reading books will give you information, inspiration, happiness and positive energy.

Try these tips to have to healthy and peaceful life.

Deficiency Associated with Micronutrients

Are you getting enough micronutrients for your body? If not try to include foods to make them to normal levels, as deficiency of these micronutrients have major effects on your health.

Here is the list of deficiency of each micronutrient and their consequences.

Deficiency of vitamins

• Vitamin A deficiency – Major effect of vitamin A deficiency is seen in case of vision. People with this deficiency face a problem of night blindness that is they cannot see properly in dim light. If deficiency is prolonged , it may lead to complete loss of vision through out life. Some other effects include protruding of eyes, diarrhea etc.

• Vitamin D deficiency – The major effect is seen in bones. This vitamin has vital role in calcium absorption and its deposition on bones to give strength to bones. In children , if deficiency is seen in early stages, it leads to improper and deformed bones, a condition called 'Rickets'. In adults , specially in menopause stage for women and above 50 years in men, it leads to 'osteoporosis'. This condition results due to softening of bones because of loss of calcium from bones.

• Vitamin E deficiency – Deficiency of this vitamin is rare. But still, if deficiency occurs, it leads to infertility in men. It works as anti oxidant, so cells may not be protected from UV damage due to loss of this vitamin.

• Vitamin K deficiency – It has a role in blood clotting. Because of this vitamin deficiency, clotting factors are released slow to the site of injury, as a result there is a delay in blood clotting leading to excessive blood loss.

• Vitamin B deficiency – This complex provides energy to the whole body and involve in various metabolic processes that produce proteins, fats, carbohydrates for our body. Any deficiency lead to imbalance of these processes. They also help in managing stress levels. Folate of this complex is important for pregnant women, deficiency of which leads to spinal defects in new born. It gives skin a scaly appearance.

• Vitamin C – We can say it as anti oxidant vitamin. It protects cells from being damaged by different chemicals released or from exterior. Major deficiency results in 'scurvy', characterized by scaly appearance of skin, rashes on skin, dryness.

Deficiency of minerals

• Iron deficiency – This is more than deficiency of any other nutrients. Iron helps haemoglobin to carry oxygen to all parts of our body. Deficiency of iron results in poor carrying capacity of oxygen. Major impact faced is anemia that is, low red blood cells production as a result oxygen is carried less resulting in shortening of breathing sometimes leading to death.

• Iodine – This is another mineral that has great impact on health. Iodine is important to produce thyroid hormone which has a crucial role in growth and development. In normal people, deficiency of iodine will enlarge thyroid gland(goiter). In case of pregnant women, deficiency of iodine will alter thyroid levels which has effect on growth of baby. It results either in premature baby or baby born with some defects.                                                                                                                            

• Calcium – It helps get healthy bones and teeth. Apart from this, it has a role in acting as signal for many hormones, maintains heart's health, involved in blood clotting process, helps maintain cholesterol levels normal. Deficiency of this mineral will alter all the above processes leading to imbalance in the body.

• Chromium – It maintains normal glucose levels in the body by controlling insulin hormone. Deficiency of this mineral will alter glucose levels in the body sometimes may lead to diabetes.

• Sodium – It  works along with potassium. Both work as electrolytes to maintain water balance in the body for healthy heart and kidneys. In case of deficiency, levels of these electrolytes are altered resulting in dehydration (loss of water), a serious issue which leads to kidney failure too.

• Magnesium – Very important for to maintain calcium and levels in bones. Along with association of vitamin B6, it has the ability to dissolve stones of small size in kidneys.

• Copper – Copper plays a vital role in elderly people, prevents loss of calcium from bones, preventing softening of bones.

• Zinc – It works along with vitamin B complex. It is essential for development of sex organs. Deficiency leads to improper growth of these organs. It also helps in giving energy to the body.